Vacinas de RNA mensageiro: da Revolução tecnológica à eficácia no controle da pandemia de COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58203/Licuri.22941Palavras-chave:
Vacinas gênicas. Imunização. Resposta imune. SARS-COV-2Resumo
O surgimento do novo coronavírus SARS-COV-2 em 2019 desencadeou a pandemia da COVID-19, resultando em milhões de mortes e destacando a importância da vacinação em massa. Entre as estratégias emergentes, as vacinas de RNA mensageiro (RNAm) surgiram como uma ferramenta crucial para conter a disseminação do vírus e reduzir as mortes pela doença. Considerando a segurança e eficácia dessas vacinas contra a COVID-19, o presente estudo teve como objetivo principal, realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre os estudos envolvendo o desenvolvimento, evolução e utilização do RNAm como vacinas. Foram levantadas e analisadas informações relevantes sobre histórico, propriedades específicas, imunogenicidade, eficiência e segurança das vacinas de RNAm, enfatizando as vacinas contra COVID-19 que foram utilizadas pela primeira vez na imunização em massa de humanos. Essa revisão mostra a relevância das pesquisas para a saúde pública, reforçando a importância do desenvolvimento das vacinas e dos programas de vacinação, alertando que o aprimoramento e uso dessas novas formulações biotecnológicas poderão ser úteis no tratamento e combate a doenças patogênicas e cancerígenas.
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